There are significant risks when starting any new business from scratch because your carefully thought-out business plan that took you six months to write could still be utterly flawed. You can never have a high level of confidence about whether a traditional brick-and-mortar business will work before investing your money. However, wouldn’t it be nice to have some sort of an idea about the amount of profit (or losses) you could expect before investing large sums of money into an enterprise? Well this can be accomplished in trading and I will explain how in this article.
The trading business is a truly unique one when compared to almost any other type of business in the world. Why? Because you can test the feasibility of your business plan without actually investing your real hard-earned capital. For instance, a McDonald’s franchise would cost you anywhere from between $100,000 to $2 million dollars to establish. A Subway franchise would cost you from $70,000 to over $200,000 before you even see your first customer. Nonetheless, these brick-and-mortar businesses have the same end goal as the trading business. That is: to earn an acceptable return on your investment capital.
As with any business, there are no guarantees of success with the franchises mentioned above. If sales happen to head south, you will still be left with the physical assets (buildings, store equipment, etc) that will need to be liquidated, more than likely by the bank, in order to recoup some of the investment.
Trading is a risky undertaking but it is different from your traditional brick-and-mortar businesses in one respect: trading is a pure cash business. You invest cash into your account and hopefully you pull out more cash than you started with. But even that’s not the real beauty of trading for legitimate business income. The huge advantage of considering trading as a serious business opportunity is that you can test the validity of your trading idea (i.e., business concept) under simulated but realistic market conditions before ever risking a dime of your money. As a result, you are inherently reducing the costs that are typically associated with traditional businesses.
To begin the process, you must first find an edge in the markets that can be exploited. An edge is simply a repeatable cause-effect set of events that consistently results in profitable outcomes. It could be as simple as “whenever the current close is greater than the close N bars ago, then the market tends to do X”.
Finding real market edges is excruciatingly difficult and is the most challenging part of this process. You can compare it to creating a unique product or service that no one else has ever thought of before. It could literally take you months or years to find a true edge that can be applied to all markets and timeframes. However, this robustness across markets and timeframes is one telltale sign that the edge is genuine. Based on my experience, less than 5% of ideas result in profitable edges that are successful in both back tests and forward tests.
You should also be able to reduce your trading idea down to a set of objective rules in which ten different people would come up with the same outcome based on following the rules. Codifying your rules into a mechanical trading system is the key ingredient in producing consistent outcomes. The best test of objective trading system rules is being able to program the rules into a set of instructions that could be carried out by a computer program.
One of the best ways to come up with inspiration for a trading strategy is thru observation of past market behavior. Study numerous charts over different timeframes and look for common chart patterns that have historically lead to profitable outcomes while keeping in mind that any discoveries are only tentative with a very low chance of being a true edge. I would, however, urge you to steer away from common chart patterns that are already in the public domain such as head and shoulders, double bottoms, etc. These patterns may have worked well in the past but I believe their effectiveness have been diluted over the years. Instead, you should try and find chart patterns that are truly original and not widely known by other traders. Ideally, you don’t want to see the pattern listed anywhere in trading literature or places like trading forums. Based on my experience, the best patterns are the ones that only you may know about.
When you are seeking an edge, it is a good idea to keep the trading system rules for entry and exit as simple as possible. Sophisticated trading ideas do not always translate into better strategies. In fact, sophisticated ideas tend to lead to curve-fitting the results. Curve-fitting occurs when a trading idea only works for a certain historical time period because the idea is fit specifically to the past data. Curve-fitted strategies fall apart and perform dismally in forward tests. For example, if a mechanical trading strategy made substantial profits during the period January thru March, the strategy was most likely curve-fitted if it looses substantial money during the next three months. This could occur because the actual data series of prices will be different during those two time periods. Therefore, be careful in falsely concluding that you have a profitable strategy solely based on back tests alone.
After you have found a potential edge that has worked well in back tests, the final thing you want to do is use a realistic trading simulator to test the mechanical trading system using a forward test. Interactive Brokers and OptionsXpress have really good trading simulators just to name a few. However, there are many online brokerages that offer some form of trading simulator for their customers.
Once you have found a good trading simulator that can mimic real life trade fills, test your trading system on the trading simulator. Continually make improvements to your strategy until it consistently makes the amount of profit you need. A good rule of thumb is to keep trading on a simulator until you have doubled your simulated account.
After you are satisfied with the amount of profit the strategy makes in a simulated environment, begin trading it with real money. Start out slowly with very small position sizes initially. Then, gradually increase your position size based on the more money you make.
I have given you the essence of the risk-free trading approach but a word of caution is in order. When testing your mechanical trading system on the trade simulator be careful not to employ unrealistic and overly risky money management practices. Refrain from using money management techniques like doubling the amount of trade size after a few winning trades or anything similar. You should always employ conservative money management techniques because aggressive techniques can distort the true performance of the strategy. Conservative money management approaches will help keep you from trading a system that was simply a statistical fluke.

